Knowledge base

Livestock care guides for Indian farmers

Clear, practical articles on animal health, feed and fodder, breeding, milk and the business of farming — written for cows, buffaloes, goats, sheep and calves.

All Articles

52 articles
General

Getting started with PasuCare

How to add your animals, set reminders and use the symptom checker in under five minutes.

Cow · Buffalo · Goat · Sheep · Calf4 min read
Ration Planning

Balancing a ration for a milking cow

Green fodder, dry fodder, concentrate and minerals — how the numbers fit together.

Cow · Buffalo9 min read
Milk Yield

Why milk yield drops — and how to recover it

Feed, heat stress, health and stage of lactation that move the milk line.

Cow · Buffalo · Goat7 min read
Vaccination

The essential vaccination schedule for cattle

FMD, HS, BQ and brucellosis — when to give them and how to keep records.

Cow · Buffalo7 min read
Mastitis & Udder

Spotting mastitis before milk yield drops

Clots, heat and swelling — the early udder signs and the strip-cup test.

Cow · Buffalo · Goat7 min read
Seasonal Feeding

Monsoon feeding and avoiding wet-season scours

Managing lush, watery grass so it does not upset rumen and gut.

Cow · Buffalo · Calf6 min read
Breeding & A.I.

Spotting heat (oestrus) at the right time

Standing heat, mucus and behaviour — timing A.I. for a better conception rate.

Cow · Buffalo7 min read
Preventive Care

Building a year-round preventive care calendar

Map vaccinations, deworming and check-ups across the seasons for each animal.

Cow · Buffalo · Goat · Sheep · Calf8 min read
Foot & Mouth (FMD)

Recognising Foot-and-Mouth Disease (FMD)

Drooling, blisters and lameness — what FMD looks like and the first steps.

Cow · Buffalo · Goat · Sheep7 min read
Calf Rearing

Colostrum: the first feed that saves calves

How much, how soon, and why the first hours decide a calf's future.

Calf6 min read
Silage & Hay

Making silage at home in drums and bags

Low-cost ensiling so you have green feed through the dry months.

Cow · Buffalo8 min read
Pregnancy & Calving

Caring for a pregnant cow or buffalo

Feeding, vaccination and steaming up in the last two months of pregnancy.

Cow · Buffalo8 min read
Daily Husbandry

A simple daily routine for a healthy herd

Morning-to-evening checklist for feeding, water, observation and clean-up.

Cow · Buffalo6 min read
Ticks & Parasites

Tick fever (babesiosis): the seasonal threat

Why pre-monsoon ticks cause fever and weakness, and how to check for them.

Cow · Buffalo7 min read
Hygiene & Housing

Designing a cool, dry shed for Indian summers

Ventilation, roofing and flooring choices that reduce heat stress and disease.

Cow · Buffalo8 min read
Lumpy Skin Disease

Lumpy Skin Disease: signs and what to do

Nodules, fever and the fly-and-tick spread you can act on early.

Cow · Buffalo6 min read
Deworming

How often should you deworm your animals?

Age, season and grazing pattern all change the right deworming interval.

Cow · Buffalo · Goat · Sheep · Calf5 min read
Digestive & Bloat

Bloat: a fast emergency you can spot

The swollen left side, what causes it, and what to do while help arrives.

Cow · Buffalo · Goat6 min read
General

Understanding urgency levels: monitor, see a vet, urgent

What PasuCare's three guidance levels mean and how to act on each one calmly.

Cow · Buffalo · Goat · Sheep · Calf5 min read
Respiratory

Pneumonia in calves and adults

Cough, fast breathing and fever — catching respiratory illness early.

Cow · Buffalo · Goat · Sheep · Calf6 min read
Green Fodder

Best perennial green fodders for your region

Napier, lucerne and berseem compared on yield, water need and nutrition.

Cow · Buffalo · Goat · Sheep · Calf7 min read
Seasonal Feeding

Feeding through the summer fodder shortage

Stretch limited green feed with silage, tree fodder and smart supplementation.

Cow · Buffalo · Goat · Sheep · Calf7 min read
Costs & Income

Working out the real cost of a litre of milk

Feed, labour and vet costs that tell you whether the herd actually pays.

Cow · Buffalo7 min read
Foot & Hoof

Why your animal is limping: foot rot and injury

Reading lameness, checking between the claws, and basic foot hygiene.

Cow · Buffalo · Sheep6 min read
Ration Planning

Feeding by body weight and milk yield

A step-by-step way to size daily feed using the PasuCare ration calculator.

Cow · Buffalo · Goat7 min read
Pregnancy & Calving

Signs of normal calving — and when to help

Reading the stages of labour and knowing when to call the vet.

Cow · Buffalo · Goat7 min read
Daily Husbandry

Reading the early warning signs in your animals

Posture, ears, appetite and dung — the daily signals that something is off.

Cow · Buffalo · Goat · Sheep · Calf7 min read
Mastitis & Udder

Clean milking routine to prevent mastitis

Pre- and post-milking steps that cut new infections across the herd.

Cow · Buffalo6 min read
Vaccination

PPR and goat pox: protecting small ruminants

Core vaccinations for goats and sheep and how to plan a flock-wide drive.

Goat · Sheep6 min read
Govt Schemes

Dairy and livestock schemes worth knowing

An overview of central and state support for animal husbandry farmers.

Cow · Buffalo · Goat · Sheep · Calf8 min read
Breeding & A.I.

Getting the most from artificial insemination

Choosing semen, timing the service and following up for pregnancy.

Cow · Buffalo6 min read
Minerals & Supplements

Why mineral mixture is not optional

Calcium, phosphorus and trace minerals that quietly decide health and yield.

Cow · Buffalo · Goat · Sheep · Calf6 min read
Foot & Mouth (FMD)

Isolating an FMD case to protect the herd

Quarantine, footbaths and movement control during an outbreak.

Cow · Buffalo · Goat · Sheep · Calf6 min read
Calf Rearing

Preventing and treating calf scours

Spotting dehydration early and using ORS to pull a calf through diarrhoea.

Calf7 min read
Preventive Care

Biosecurity basics for small farms

Simple steps to stop disease entering your shed from new animals and visitors.

Cow · Buffalo · Goat · Sheep · Calf6 min read
Skin & Wounds

Cleaning and dressing a wound on the farm

First-aid steps that prevent infection and maggots in open wounds.

Cow · Buffalo · Goat · Sheep · Calf5 min read
Digestive & Bloat

Indigestion and going off feed

Common rumen upsets, when to wait, and when it is time to call a vet.

Cow · Buffalo · Goat · Sheep · Calf5 min read
Silage & Hay

Storing hay so it does not rot or mould

Drying, stacking and covering to keep dry fodder usable for months.

Cow · Buffalo · Goat · Sheep · Calf5 min read
Milk Yield

Keeping milk clean from udder to can

Hygiene that protects quality, price and the family that drinks it.

Cow · Buffalo5 min read
Hygiene & Housing

Managing dung and slurry without the smell

Practical clean-up routines that cut fly load and turn waste into income.

Cow · Buffalo · Goat · Sheep · Calf5 min read
Insurance

Should you insure your animals?

How livestock insurance works, what it covers, and when it is worth it.

Cow · Buffalo6 min read
Lumpy Skin Disease

Vector control during a Lumpy Skin season

Reducing biting flies and ticks to slow LSD across the village.

Cow · Buffalo5 min read
Daily Husbandry

Keeping clean water available all day

Why water access drives milk yield, and how to keep troughs clean in summer.

Cow · Buffalo · Goat · Sheep · Calf4 min read
Costs & Income

Cutting feed cost without cutting yield

Where farmers overspend on feed and how ration planning saves money.

Cow · Buffalo · Goat · Sheep · Calf6 min read
Green Fodder

Growing fodder on a small plot

Cut-and-carry planning so half an acre can feed two or three animals.

Cow · Buffalo · Goat6 min read
Ticks & Parasites

Safe tick and lice control on the body

Using approved acaricides correctly without harming the animal or milk.

Cow · Buffalo · Goat · Sheep · Calf5 min read
Mastitis & Udder

Drying off a cow the right way

How to end a lactation so the udder rests and recovers for the next one.

Cow · Buffalo5 min read
Vaccination

Why the cold chain matters for vaccines

Storing and transporting vaccines so they actually work when injected.

Cow · Buffalo · Goat · Sheep · Calf4 min read
Foot & Hoof

Routine hoof trimming and care

Keeping hooves balanced to prevent lameness in housed animals.

Cow · Buffalo5 min read
Minerals & Supplements

Spotting a mineral deficiency early

Pica, weak heat signs and poor growth — the clues your feed is short.

Cow · Buffalo · Goat · Sheep · Calf5 min read
Skin & Wounds

Mange and other itchy skin problems

Telling mange, ringworm and allergy apart, and stopping the spread.

Cow · Buffalo · Goat · Sheep · Calf6 min read
Deworming

Rotating dewormers to avoid resistance

Why using the same medicine every time stops working — and what to do instead.

Cow · Buffalo · Goat · Sheep · Calf6 min read